Quarkus - Using OpenID Connect to Protect Web Applications
This guide demonstrates how to use the OpenID Connect Extension to protect your application using Quarkus, where authentication and authorization are based on tokens issued by OpenId Connect and OAuth 2.0 compliant Authorization Servers such as Keycloak.
The extension allows you to easily enable authentication to your web application based on the Authorization Code Flow so that your users are redirected to a OpenID Connect Provider (e.g.: Keycloak) to authenticate and, once the authentication is complete, return back to your application.
We are going to give you a guideline on how to use OpenId Connect to authenticate users using the Quarkus OpenID Connect Extenson.
Prerequisites
To complete this guide, you need:
-
less than 15 minutes
-
an IDE
-
JDK 1.8+ installed with
JAVA_HOMEconfigured appropriately -
Apache Maven 3.6.2+
-
Docker
Architecture
In this example, we build a very simple web application with a single page:
-
/index.html
This page is protected and can only be accessed by authenticated users.
Solution
We recommend that you follow the instructions in the next sections and create the application step by step. However, you can go right to the completed example.
Clone the Git repository: git clone https://github.com/quarkusio/quarkus-quickstarts.git, or download an archive.
The solution is located in the security-openid-connect-web-authentication-quickstart directory.
Creating the Maven Project
First, we need a new project. Create a new project with the following command:
mvn io.quarkus:quarkus-maven-plugin:1.3.2.Final:create \
-DprojectGroupId=org.acme \
-DprojectArtifactId=security-openid-connect-web-authentication-quickstart \
-Dextensions="oidc"
cd security-openid-connect-web-authentication-quickstartConfiguring the application
The OpenID Connect extension allows you to define the configuration using the application.properties file which should be located at the src/main/resources directory.
Configuring using the application.properties file
quarkus.oidc.auth-server-url=http://localhost:8180/auth/realms/quarkus
quarkus.oidc.client-id=frontend
quarkus.oidc.application-type=web-app
quarkus.http.auth.permission.authenticated.paths=/*
quarkus.http.auth.permission.authenticated.policy=authenticatedThis is the simplest configuration you can have when enabling authentication to your application.
The quarkus.oidc.client-id property references the client_id issued by the OpenID Connect Provider and, in this case, the application is a public client (no client secret is defined).
The quarkus.oidc.application-type property is set to web-app in order to tell Quarkus that you want to enable the OpenID Connect Authorization Code Flow, so that your users are redirected to the OpenID Connect Provider to authenticate.
For last, the quarkus.http.auth.permission.authenticated permission is set to tell Quarkus about the paths you want to protect. In this case,
all paths are being protected by a policy that ensures that only authenticated users are allowed to access. For more details check Security Guide.
Starting and Configuring the Keycloak Server
To start a Keycloak Server you can use Docker and just run the following command:
docker run --name keycloak -e KEYCLOAK_USER=admin -e KEYCLOAK_PASSWORD=admin -p 8180:8080 {keycloak-docker-image}You should be able to access your Keycloak Server at localhost:8180/auth.
Log in as the admin user to access the Keycloak Administration Console. Username should be admin and password admin.
Import the realm configuration file to create a new realm. For more details, see the Keycloak documentation about how to create a new realm.
Running and Using the Application
Running in Developer Mode
To run the microservice in dev mode, use ./mvnw clean compile quarkus:dev.
Running in JVM Mode
When you’re done playing with "dev-mode" you can run it as a standard Java application.
First compile it:
./mvnw packageThen run it:
java -jar ./target/security-openid-connect-web-authentication-quickstart-runner.jarRunning in Native Mode
This same demo can be compiled into native code: no modifications required.
This implies that you no longer need to install a JVM on your production environment, as the runtime technology is included in the produced binary, and optimized to run with minimal resource overhead.
Compilation will take a bit longer, so this step is disabled by default;
let’s build again by enabling the native profile:
./mvnw package -PnativeAfter getting a cup of coffee, you’ll be able to run this binary directly:
./target/security-openid-connect-web-authentication-quickstart-runnerTesting the Application
To test the application, you should open your browser and access the following URL:
If everything is working as expected, you should be redirected to the Keycloak server to authenticate.
In order to authenticate to the application you should type the following credentials when at the Keycloak login page:
-
Username: alice
-
Password: alice
After clicking the Login button you should be redirected back to the application.
Logout
The extension only supports logout based on the expiration time of the ID Token issued by the OpenID Connect Provider. When the token expires, users are redirected to the OpenID Connect Provider again to authenticate. If the session at the OpenID Connect Provider is still active, users are automatically re-authenticated without having to provide their credentials again.
Configuration Reference
Configuration property fixed at build time - All other configuration properties are overridable at runtime
Type |
Default |
|
|---|---|---|
If the OIDC extension is enabled. |
boolean |
|
A unique tenant identifier. It must be set by |
string |
|
If this tenant configuration is enabled. |
boolean |
|
The application type, which can be one of the following values from enum |
|
|
The maximum amount of time the adapter will try connecting to the currently unavailable OIDC server for. For example, setting it to '20S' will let the adapter keep requesting the connection for up to 20 seconds. |
||
The base URL of the OpenID Connect (OIDC) server, for example, 'https://host:port/auth'. All the other OIDC server page and service URLs are derived from this URL. Note if you work with Keycloak OIDC server, make sure the base URL is in the following format: 'https://host:port/auth/realms/{realm}' where '{realm}' has to be replaced by the name of the Keycloak realm. |
string |
|
Relative path of the RFC7662 introspection service. |
string |
|
Relative path of the OIDC service returning a JWK set. |
string |
|
Public key for the local JWT token verification. |
string |
|
The client-id of the application. Each application has a client-id that is used to identify the application |
string |
|
Path to the claim containing an array of groups. It starts from the top level JWT JSON object and can contain multiple segments where each segment represents a JSON object name only, example: "realm/groups". Use double quotes with the namespace qualified claim names. This property can be used if a token has no 'groups' claim but has the groups set in a different claim. |
string |
|
Separator for splitting a string which may contain multiple group values. It will only be used if the "role-claim-path" property points to a custom claim whose value is a string. A single space will be used by default because the standard 'scope' claim may contain a space separated sequence. |
string |
|
Expected issuer 'iss' claim value. |
string |
|
Expected audience 'aud' claim value which may be a string or an array of strings. |
list of string |
|
Expiration grace period in seconds. A token expiration time will be reduced by the value of this property before being compared to the current time. |
int |
|
Name of the claim which contains a principal name. By default, the 'upn', 'preferred_username' and |
string |
|
Client secret which is used for a 'client_secret_basic' authentication method. Note that a 'client-secret' can be used instead but both properties are mutually exclusive. |
string |
|
The client secret |
string |
|
Authentication method. |
|
|
Relative path for calculating a "redirect_uri" query parameter. It has to start from a forward slash and will be appended to the request URI’s host and port. For example, if the current request URI is 'https://localhost:8080/service' then a 'redirect_uri' parameter will be set to 'https://localhost:8080/' if this property is set to '/' and be the same as the request URI if this property has not been configured. Note the original request URI will be restored after the user has authenticated. |
string |
|
If this property is set to 'true' then the original request URI which was used before the authentication will be restored after the user has been redirected back to the application. |
boolean |
|
List of scopes |
list of string |
|
Cookie path parameter value which, if set, will be used for the session and state cookies. It may need to be set when the redirect path has a root different to that of the original request URL. |
string |
|
Additional properties which will be added as the query parameters to the authentication redirect URI. |
|
required |
Type |
Default |
|
A unique tenant identifier. It must be set by |
string |
|
If this tenant configuration is enabled. |
boolean |
|
The application type, which can be one of the following values from enum |
|
|
The maximum amount of time the adapter will try connecting to the currently unavailable OIDC server for. For example, setting it to '20S' will let the adapter keep requesting the connection for up to 20 seconds. |
||
The base URL of the OpenID Connect (OIDC) server, for example, 'https://host:port/auth'. All the other OIDC server page and service URLs are derived from this URL. Note if you work with Keycloak OIDC server, make sure the base URL is in the following format: 'https://host:port/auth/realms/{realm}' where '{realm}' has to be replaced by the name of the Keycloak realm. |
string |
|
Relative path of the RFC7662 introspection service. |
string |
|
Relative path of the OIDC service returning a JWK set. |
string |
|
Public key for the local JWT token verification. |
string |
|
The client-id of the application. Each application has a client-id that is used to identify the application |
string |
|
Path to the claim containing an array of groups. It starts from the top level JWT JSON object and can contain multiple segments where each segment represents a JSON object name only, example: "realm/groups". Use double quotes with the namespace qualified claim names. This property can be used if a token has no 'groups' claim but has the groups set in a different claim. |
string |
|
Separator for splitting a string which may contain multiple group values. It will only be used if the "role-claim-path" property points to a custom claim whose value is a string. A single space will be used by default because the standard 'scope' claim may contain a space separated sequence. |
string |
|
Expected issuer 'iss' claim value. |
string |
|
Expected audience 'aud' claim value which may be a string or an array of strings. |
list of string |
|
Expiration grace period in seconds. A token expiration time will be reduced by the value of this property before being compared to the current time. |
int |
|
Name of the claim which contains a principal name. By default, the 'upn', 'preferred_username' and |
string |
|
Client secret which is used for a 'client_secret_basic' authentication method. Note that a 'client-secret' can be used instead but both properties are mutually exclusive. |
string |
|
The client secret |
string |
|
Authentication method. |
|
|
Relative path for calculating a "redirect_uri" query parameter. It has to start from a forward slash and will be appended to the request URI’s host and port. For example, if the current request URI is 'https://localhost:8080/service' then a 'redirect_uri' parameter will be set to 'https://localhost:8080/' if this property is set to '/' and be the same as the request URI if this property has not been configured. Note the original request URI will be restored after the user has authenticated. |
string |
|
If this property is set to 'true' then the original request URI which was used before the authentication will be restored after the user has been redirected back to the application. |
boolean |
|
List of scopes |
list of string |
|
Additional properties which will be added as the query parameters to the authentication redirect URI. |
|
required |
Cookie path parameter value which, if set, will be used for the session and state cookies. It may need to be set when the redirect path has a root different to that of the original request URL. |
string |
|
About the Duration format
The format for durations uses the standard You can also provide duration values starting with a number.
In this case, if the value consists only of a number, the converter treats the value as seconds.
Otherwise, |
